See 연좌제 on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "連坐制"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "連坐",
"2": "",
"3": "制",
"4": "law",
"suffix": "y"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Korean word from 連坐 + 制 (“law”)",
"name": "ko-etym-sino"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sino-Korean word from 連坐 + 制 (“law”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "yeonjwaje",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "連坐制",
"tags": [
"hanja"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hanja": "連坐制"
},
"expansion": "연좌제 • (yeonjwaje) (hanja 連坐制)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "連坐",
"english": "collective punishment",
"roman": "yeonjwa",
"translation": "collective punishment",
"word": "연좌"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 32 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 32 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 32 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 39 22",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ko",
"name": "Capital punishment",
"orig": "ko:Capital punishment",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 40 20",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ko",
"name": "Prison",
"orig": "ko:Prison",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"collective punishment, where family or relatives of an offender were collectively punished."
],
"id": "en-연좌제-ko-noun-OABnxXBE",
"links": [
[
"collective punishment",
"collective punishment"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) collective punishment, where family or relatives of an offender were collectively punished."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 32 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 32 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 32 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 39 22",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ko",
"name": "Capital punishment",
"orig": "ko:Capital punishment",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 40 20",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ko",
"name": "Prison",
"orig": "ko:Prison",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"collective punishment, where family or relatives of an offender were collectively punished.",
"A situation where one is punished or given a disadvantage for being associated with an offender."
],
"id": "en-연좌제-ko-noun-E9eHJmAv",
"links": [
[
"collective punishment",
"collective punishment"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) collective punishment, where family or relatives of an offender were collectively punished.",
"(figurative) A situation where one is punished or given a disadvantage for being associated with an offender."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "North Korean",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "32 32 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 29 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms suffixed with -제 (制)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 29 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 32 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 32 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 26 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sino-Korean words",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 39 22",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ko",
"name": "Capital punishment",
"orig": "ko:Capital punishment",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 11 78",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ko",
"name": "North Korea",
"orig": "ko:North Korea",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 40 20",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ko",
"name": "Prison",
"orig": "ko:Prison",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the \"association system\"; the practice of collective punishment in North Korea where three to eight generations of a political offender's family can be imprisoned or executed."
],
"id": "en-연좌제-ko-noun-1NHNp9CU",
"links": [
[
"association",
"association"
],
[
"collective punishment",
"collective punishment"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(North Korea) the \"association system\"; the practice of collective punishment in North Korea where three to eight generations of a political offender's family can be imprisoned or executed."
],
"tags": [
"North-Korea"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[jʌ̹ɲd͡ʑwa̠d͡ʑe̞]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"hangeul": "연좌제"
},
{
"other": "[연좌제]"
}
],
"word": "연좌제"
}
{
"categories": [
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean nouns",
"Korean terms suffixed with -제 (制)",
"Korean terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Sino-Korean words",
"ko:Capital punishment",
"ko:North Korea",
"ko:Prison"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "連坐制"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "連坐",
"2": "",
"3": "制",
"4": "law",
"suffix": "y"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Korean word from 連坐 + 制 (“law”)",
"name": "ko-etym-sino"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sino-Korean word from 連坐 + 制 (“law”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "yeonjwaje",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "連坐制",
"tags": [
"hanja"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hanja": "連坐制"
},
"expansion": "연좌제 • (yeonjwaje) (hanja 連坐制)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"alt": "連坐",
"english": "collective punishment",
"roman": "yeonjwa",
"translation": "collective punishment",
"word": "연좌"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Korean terms with historical senses"
],
"glosses": [
"collective punishment, where family or relatives of an offender were collectively punished."
],
"links": [
[
"collective punishment",
"collective punishment"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) collective punishment, where family or relatives of an offender were collectively punished."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Korean terms with historical senses"
],
"glosses": [
"collective punishment, where family or relatives of an offender were collectively punished.",
"A situation where one is punished or given a disadvantage for being associated with an offender."
],
"links": [
[
"collective punishment",
"collective punishment"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) collective punishment, where family or relatives of an offender were collectively punished.",
"(figurative) A situation where one is punished or given a disadvantage for being associated with an offender."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"North Korean"
],
"glosses": [
"the \"association system\"; the practice of collective punishment in North Korea where three to eight generations of a political offender's family can be imprisoned or executed."
],
"links": [
[
"association",
"association"
],
[
"collective punishment",
"collective punishment"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(North Korea) the \"association system\"; the practice of collective punishment in North Korea where three to eight generations of a political offender's family can be imprisoned or executed."
],
"tags": [
"North-Korea"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[jʌ̹ɲd͡ʑwa̠d͡ʑe̞]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"hangeul": "연좌제"
},
{
"other": "[연좌제]"
}
],
"word": "연좌제"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 연좌제 meaning in All languages combined (2.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.